Cable telegraphy.



No. 888,096. PATENTED MAY 19, 1908.

I. KITSBE.

OABLB TELEGRAPHY. APPLICATION FILED MAY 1. 1907.

LIN hwwm 19i he eases l a M1226 M attorney ISIDOR KITSEE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CABLE TELEGRAPHY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 19, 1908.

Application filed May 1, 1907. Serial No. 371,314.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Isrnor. KITSEE, citizen of the UnitedSta'tes, residing at'Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cable Telegraphy, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in cable telegraphy.

To persons versed in the art ofland telegraphy, it is well known that an impulse impressed u on the line of transmission has a greater e set on the home instrument, than on the instrument at the far-off station. In cable telegraphy, and more especially where the true reversal system is used, the effect is just in the opposite direction, that is, the home instrument is not affected by the impulse impressed upon the line in such a degree as t e instrument at the other terminal.

In cable telegraphy, the well knownsiphon recorder is used as the receiver. In this device, the siphon is moved from the zero position either to the right or to the left, in accordance with the polarity of the impulse.

In some of the experiments, impulses were impressed upon the line, inaccordance with the system oftrue reversals, and what seems strange at the first glance is, that the home instrument answered in the desired manner and the characters traced with the aid of the deflecting siphon were of the desired size.

' The paper at the far off station showed a record of characters of from three to four fold the size.

In some cases where the home instrument was allowed to make somewhat larger characters, (by impressing upon the line impulses of higher electro-motive force), the movement of the far off instrument was so strong that the siphon entirely left the paper. The disadvantage of such behavior is very evident; not only can the characters not well be read, but when the transmission is of a comparatively great speed, the siphon being deflected to such a large extent, cannot return to its zero position before the'second impulse arrives, and what is called a moving ofthe zero then takes p'lace.- -To obvie ate this difliculty is one of the aims. of my invention.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of part of a cable with the receiving device and my invention attached thereto.

Fig. 2 represents the continental characters of the three letters N, O, W, and true fac-simile of the charactersas traced by the siphon at the transmitting end, as well as at the far off end in a submarine cable nearly one thousand miles in length.

The cable 1 is grounded at both ends at 2 2. At the transmitting end a condenser K is inserted in series in the line or cable as well as the opposed batteries B and B, oppositely connected and of different powers. A resistance r may intervene, and the operators key 1c is connected as shown. 'By the manipulation of the key is impulses alternating in polarity are transmitted to the line, as explained in a prior patent granted to me.

3 is the receivlngdevice, here shown as a siphon recorder in conventional sign, but it is obvious that any instrument answering to the impressed impulses may be substituted therefor.

As-is illustrated, 'the coil proper of the siphon recorder is not connected directly in the line, but is in shunt to the variable condenser 1. In series with the shunt wires 5 are the variable resistances 6, '6, and the variable condenser 7.

In Fi N, O W, and their respective continental characters; I) designates the record as made by the home instrument, and c designates the record as made by the far off instrument.-

Careful experiments established the fact, that the line of transmission, havin such large capacity, augments-so to spea the force of the impressed impulse, and as the capacity and resistance of the line varies in accordance with the temperature of thewater and other changes in the line, it is necessa to remove the receivin device from the direot ath of such imp see. For this reason and fin the further reason that the surging of such waves, as are due to earth currents and the like, I have placed in the line a condenser and, as the capacity of the condenser has to vary in accordance with the conditions of the line, I had recourse to, What is known as, a variable condenser, that is, a device, the capacity of which may be varied according to thewill of the operator. In shunt with this variable condenser, I place the receiving device. The impulse, therefore, when impressed upon the line, may in such case be augmented or not, but only such part of the impulse 'asthe operator requires will flow throughtheshunt', for the reason that the condenser may be made to offer a very small 2, a designates the three letters or very large capacity, and the broadening out of this impulse due to the capacity of the condenser can-as is apparent a'lso be regulated according to the will of the operator. Its influence, therefore, on the siphon recorder or other receiving device is easily controlled through the manipulation of the condenser.

To so arrange matters, that only a decided change in the polarity of the condenser should aiiect the receiving device, I have.

placed the resistances and a second condenser in the shunt, in which the receiving device is placed. Through this arrangement the surging of the electric waves foreign to the impressed impulseswill not affect to any serious degree the movable part of the receiving device. 4

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a telegraph system, the combination with a cable having great distributed capacity, of a. condenser included therein, and a shunt circuit including an adjustable portion of the capacity of said condenser and a receiving instrument.

2. In a telegraph system, the combination with a cable having great distributed capacity, of a condenser connected in said cable, and a circuit in shunt to said condenser including a receiving instrument.

3. In a cable telegra h system, the combination with a cable aving great distributed capacity, of a condenser included therein, and a shunt circuit including an adjustable portion of said condenser and a polarized receiving instrument.

4. In a cable tele ra h system, the combination with a cab e raving great distributed capacity, of a condenser included therein, and a shunt circuit including a receiving instrument and a condenser serially connected.

5. In a cable telegraph system, the'combination with a cable having great distributed capacity, of a condenser included .therein, and a shunt circuit including a condenser cluded therein, and a shunt circuit including a polarized receiving instrument, aresistance, and a condenser serially connected.

8. In a cable telegraph system, the combination with a cable having great distributed capacity, of means for impressing upon said cable impulses alternating in polarity, a condenser in said cable at the receiving end, and a polarized receiving instrument con nected in a circuit in shunt to said condenser.

9. In a cable telegraph system, the combination with a cable having great distributed capacity, of means for impressing upon said cable impulses alternating in olarity, an adjustable condenser in said cab e at the receiving end, and a circuit in shunt to said condenser including a condenser and a polarized receiving instrument.

10. In a cable telegraph system, the combination with a cable having great distrib uted capacity, of means for impressing thereon impulses alternating in polarity, a condenser in said cable at the. receiving end, a circuit in shunt to said condenser, and the winding of a siphon recorder included in said shunt circuit.

11. The method of transmitting signals over a cable having great capacity, which consists in impressing upon the cable impulses alternating in polarity, and subjecting the received impulses to electro-static reactance and reproducing the signals by the resultant impulses.

In testimony whereof I aflix. my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

' ISIDOR KITSEE. Witnesses:

EDITH RsTILLEY; MARY C. SMITH. 

